舰船用锂电池热化学泄漏毒物、预测预警及防护技术研究进展

孙杰; 周添; 李吉刚; 卫寿平; 王宇光; 唐娜; 党胜男; 陈静; 张帆; 肖云海

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.005

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装备环境工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (9) : 41-49. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.005

专题——舰船装备可靠性

舰船用锂电池热化学泄漏毒物、预测预警及防护技术研究进展

孙杰^*, 周添, 李吉刚, 卫寿平, 王宇光, 唐娜, 党胜男, 陈静, 张帆, 肖云海

作者信息 +

Research Progress on Thermochemical Leakage Toxins, Prediction and Early Warning and Protection Technologies for Lithium Batteries Used in Naval Platforms

SUN Jie^*, ZHOU Tian, LI Jigang, WEI Shouping, WANG Yuguang, TANG Na, DANG Shengnan, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Fan, XIAO Yunhai

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文章历史 +

摘要

综述了锂电池在舰船装备、移动及应急电源等领域快速推广应用的实际背景,概括了其在高温、碰撞、针刺等极端条件下热失控释放一氧化碳、氟化氢等有毒烟气的风险特征,从密闭空间毒害效应和任务中断概率增加2个方面阐述了锂电池热化学泄漏对人员安全与任务执行构成的严重威胁。最后提出了推进相关标准制定、规范灾害量化分级、研发分级预警与防毒系统、规避人员暴露风险等具体建议。关键词：电池热化学;泄漏;热失控;毒烟;舰船装备;防护中图分类号：TQ152 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-9242(2025)09-0041-09

Abstract

The work aims to review the practical context of the rapid adoption of lithium batteries in fields such as naval equipment, mobile power sources, and emergency power systems. The risk characteristics of thermal runaway under extreme conditions are summarized, such as high temperature, collision, and penetration, which can release toxic gases including carbon monoxide and hydrogen fluoride. The serious threats posed by lithium battery thermochemical leakage to personnel safety and mission execution are elaborated from two aspects, including the toxic effects in confined spaces and the increased probability of mission interruption. Finally, specific recommendations are proposed, including promoting the development of relevant standards, standardizing disaster quantitative classification, advancing the research and development of graded early warning and anti-toxicity systems, and mitigating the risk of personnel exposure to toxic fumes.KEY WORDS: battery thermal-chemistry; leakage; thermal runaway; toxic fumes; naval equipment; protection

导出引用

孙杰, 周添, 李吉刚, 卫寿平, 王宇光, 唐娜, 党胜男, 陈静, 张帆, 肖云海. 舰船用锂电池热化学泄漏毒物、预测预警及防护技术研究进展[J]. 装备环境工程. 2025, 22(9): 41-49 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.005

SUN Jie, ZHOU Tian, LI Jigang, WEI Shouping, WANG Yuguang, TANG Na, DANG Shengnan, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Fan, XIAO Yunhai. Research Progress on Thermochemical Leakage Toxins, Prediction and Early Warning and Protection Technologies for Lithium Batteries Used in Naval Platforms[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2025, 22(9): 41-49 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.005

中图分类号： TQ152

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